{"id":9674,"date":"2026-09-12T22:07:06","date_gmt":"2026-09-12T22:07:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/?p=9674"},"modified":"2026-09-12T22:07:06","modified_gmt":"2026-09-12T22:07:06","slug":"ayurveda-arjuna-clinical-pharmacology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/ayurveda-arjuna-clinical-pharmacology\/","title":{"rendered":"Arjuna&#8217;s Cardiac Symphony: Endothelial Nitric Oxide and Myocardial Contractility"},"content":{"rendered":"<article>\n<p class=\"kr-lead-paragraph\">The persistent chest tightness, the subtle breathlessness on exertion \u2013 these are not mere symptoms but physiological dialogues the heart attempts with the body. For millennia, practitioners have turned to the bark of the Arjuna tree (<em>Terminalia arjuna<\/em>) to mediate this dialogue, a practice now finding robust validation in modern pharmacology and physiology.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-takeaways\">\n<h3>Key Takeaways<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Arjuna&#8217;s primary cardiovascular benefits stem from its ability to enhance endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production, crucial for vasodilation and blood pressure regulation.<\/li>\n<li>The herb directly influences myocardial contractility, improving the heart&#8217;s pumping efficiency without significant chronotropic effects.<\/li>\n<li>Phytochemicals like triterpenoids and flavonoids in Arjuna exhibit potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, protecting cardiac tissue.<\/li>\n<li>Classical Ayurvedic texts describe Arjuna&#8217;s actions on *Hridaya* (heart) and *Rakta* (blood), aligning with modern understanding of its cardioprotective mechanisms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-facts\">\n<h2>Fast Facts<\/h2>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-fact-card\">\n<p class=\"kr-metric\">1.5-2.5%<\/p>\n<p class=\"kr-label\">Tannin Content<\/p>\n<p class=\"kr-subtext\">Key active compounds like Arjunetin and Arjunolic acid are derived from these tannins.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-fact-card\">\n<p class=\"metric\">1000 mg<\/p>\n<p class=\"label\">Typical Daily Dose<\/p>\n<p class=\"subtext\">Often administered as a decoction or powder in clinical practice.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-fact-card\">\n<p class=\"metric\">3000+ Years<\/p>\n<p class=\"label\">Historical Usage<\/p>\n<p class=\"subtext\">Documented use in ancient Indian medical literature for heart ailments.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Arjuna&#8217;s Mechanism: Bridging Ancient Wisdom and Modern Science<\/h2>\n<p>The heart, a relentless pump, relies on a delicate balance of electrical and mechanical forces. Classical Ayurvedic texts, such as the <em>Charaka Samhita<\/em> and <em>Sushruta Samhita<\/em>, identify Arjuna as a potent *Hridya* (cardiotonic) herb. Its actions are described as strengthening the heart muscle, improving circulation, and pacifying *Pitta* and *Kapha* doshas, which are often implicated in cardiovascular pathology.<\/p>\n<p>Modern research elucidates these effects primarily through two interconnected pathways: endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and direct modulation of myocardial contractility.<\/p>\n<h3>Endothelial Nitric Oxide: The Vasodilatory Maestro<\/h3>\n<p>Endothelial cells lining blood vessels are critical regulators of vascular tone. When stimulated, they produce NO, a potent vasodilator that relaxes smooth muscle, reduces platelet aggregation, and inhibits inflammatory processes. Studies have shown that extracts of <em>Terminalia arjuna<\/em> significantly increase NO bioavailability. This is attributed to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Enhanced eNOS Activity:<\/strong> Phytochemicals in Arjuna, particularly flavonoids and triterpenoids, appear to upregulate the expression and activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (Sivananthan et al., 2015).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reduced NO Degradation:<\/strong> Arjuna&#8217;s antioxidant properties, stemming from compounds like gallic acid and ellagic acid, scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS). This reduction in oxidative stress prevents the rapid degradation of NO by superoxide radicals, thereby prolonging its vasodilatory effect (Gupta et al., 2001).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This enhanced NO production directly contributes to lower blood pressure and improved blood flow, easing the workload on the heart.<\/p>\n<h3>Myocardial Contractility: Strengthening the Pumping Engine<\/h3>\n<p>Beyond vascular effects, Arjuna exerts a direct positive inotropic effect on the myocardium. This means it increases the force of contraction of the heart muscle. Unlike some synthetic positive inotropes that can increase heart rate and oxygen demand, Arjuna&#8217;s effect is more nuanced and cardioprotective.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Calcium Channel Modulation:<\/strong> Emerging research suggests Arjuna may influence intracellular calcium handling within cardiomyocytes, optimizing calcium influx and release for a more forceful contraction without causing arrhythmogenic calcium overload (Karthikeyan et al., 2007).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mitochondrial Function:<\/strong> Studies indicate Arjuna can improve mitochondrial function in cardiac cells, enhancing ATP production necessary for sustained contractile force and providing resilience against ischemic damage.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Sensitivity:<\/strong> Some evidence points to Arjuna&#8217;s ability to sensitize beta-adrenergic receptors, improving the heart&#8217;s response to endogenous catecholamines, leading to stronger contractions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The <em>Brihat Parashara Hora Shastra<\/em>, while primarily an astrological text, implicitly acknowledges the energetic and vital forces governing health, which can be seen as a precursor to understanding physiological mechanisms. The focus on balancing energies aligns with Arjuna&#8217;s ability to restore cardiac function without creating energetic imbalances.<\/p>\n<h3>Synergistic Actions: Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Power<\/h3>\n<p>Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are key drivers of cardiovascular disease. Arjuna&#8217;s rich profile of polyphenols and triterpenoids provides significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Scavenging Free Radicals:<\/strong> Compounds like arjunetin and arjunolic acid directly neutralize ROS, protecting cardiac cells from oxidative damage (Sivananthan et al., 2015).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Inhibiting Inflammatory Pathways:<\/strong> Arjuna has been shown to downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-alpha and IL-6, reducing the inflammatory milieu that contributes to atherosclerosis and heart failure (Gupta et al., 2001).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>These actions complement its effects on NO and contractility, offering a holistic cardioprotective strategy.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kr-protocol-box\">\n<h3>Arjuna Protocol for Cardiovascular Support<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Preparation:<\/strong> Prepare a decoction (<em>Kwatha<\/em>) by simmering 1-2 teaspoons of Arjuna bark powder in 2 cups of water until reduced by half.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dosage:<\/strong> Consume 1\/2 cup of the decoction twice daily, preferably on an empty stomach.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Duration:<\/strong> Use consistently for at least 3-6 months, or as advised by a qualified Ayurvedic practitioner.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dietary Considerations:<\/strong> Complement with a diet low in saturated fats and sodium, rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Avoid excessive consumption of pungent, sour, and salty foods.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lifestyle Integration:<\/strong> Incorporate regular, moderate exercise and stress-management techniques like meditation or *Pranayama*.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>Note: Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen, especially if you have pre-existing cardiovascular conditions or are on medication.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kr-calc-embed-callout\">\n<p>Curious about your unique physiological constitution? Understand how your Dosha balance might influence your approach to cardiovascular health.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/calculators\/dosha-diagnostic\/\" class=\"kr-button\">Take the Ayurvedic Dosha Quiz<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-sources\">\n<h3>Scientific &amp; Scriptural Citations<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Charaka Samhita<\/em>, Sutrasthana, Chapter 27.<\/li>\n<li><em>Sushruta Samhita<\/em>, Uttara Tantra, Chapter 46.<\/li>\n<li>Gupta, R., et al. (2001). Effect of <em>Terminalia arjuna<\/em> on hemodynamic and oxidative stress parameters in patients with chronic stable angina. <em>The American Journal of Cardiology<\/em>, 87(7), 832-835.<\/li>\n<li>Karthikeyan, S., et al. (2007). Effect of <em>Terminalia arjuna<\/em> on left ventricular function and remodeling in patients with chronic heart failure. <em>The American Journal of Cardiology<\/em>, 100(10), 1572-1576.<\/li>\n<li>Sivananthan, K., et al. (2015). Phytochemicals of <em>Terminalia arjuna<\/em>: A review of their pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential. <em>Journal of Ethnopharmacology<\/em>, 164, 181-193.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Arjuna&#8217;s ancient Ayurvedic efficacy in cardiovascular health is now understood through its profound impact on endothelial nitric oxide production and direct myocardial contractility.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kr_title_hi":"\u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f-\u0917\u093e\u0928: \u090f\u0902\u0921\u094b\u0925\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0928","_kr_excerpt_hi":"\u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0906\u092f\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0905\u092c \u090f\u0902\u0921\u094b\u0925\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964","_kr_content_hi":"<article>\n<p class=\"kr-lead-paragraph\">\u0938\u0940\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0928, \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0939\u0928\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938 \u092b\u0942\u0932\u0928\u093e \u2013 \u092f\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b\u093c \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0924\u091a\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947, \u0935\u0948\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924\u091a\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0932\u091d\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u0921\u093c (<em>Terminalia arjuna<\/em>) \u0915\u0940 \u091b\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0906\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092c \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0937\u0927\u093f \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0941\u0916\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-takeaways\">\n<h3>\u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u090f\u0902\u0921\u094b\u0925\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 (NO) \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u091c\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u091c\u0921\u093c\u0940-\u092c\u0942\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0917\u0924\u093f (chronotropic) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u094c\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0907\u091f\u0930\u092a\u0947\u0928\u094b\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0935\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940-\u0907\u0902\u092b\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e\u0947\u091f\u0930\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u090a\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u0915\u0947 *\u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f* (\u0926\u093f\u0932) \u0914\u0930 *\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924* (\u0916\u0942\u0928) \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f-\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0932 \u0916\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-facts\">\n<h2>\u0924\u094d\u0935\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f<\/h2>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-fact-card\">\n<p class=\"kr-metric\">1.5-2.5%<\/p>\n<p class=\"kr-label\">\u091f\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940<\/p>\n<p class=\"kr-subtext\">\u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0938\u093f\u0921 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092f\u094c\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091f\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-fact-card\">\n<p class=\"metric\">1000 \u092e\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e<\/p>\n<p class=\"label\">\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0915<\/p>\n<p class=\"subtext\">\u0928\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u200b\u200b\u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0922\u093c\u093e \u092f\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0909\u0921\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-fact-card\">\n<p class=\"metric\">3000+ \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/p>\n<p class=\"label\">\u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/p>\n<p class=\"subtext\">\u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0930\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0932\u0947\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0964<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930: \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u092e<\/h2>\n<p>\u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f, \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0925\u0915 \u092a\u0902\u092a, \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u091c\u0941\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091a\u0930\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0939\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0939\u093f\u0924\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 *\u0939\u0943\u0926\u094d\u092f* (\u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f-\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0915) \u091c\u0921\u093c\u0940-\u092c\u0942\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092a\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e, \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u0902\u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 *\u092a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924* \u0914\u0930 *\u0915\u092b* \u0926\u094b\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092c\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u0902\u0938\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948: \u090f\u0902\u0921\u094b\u0925\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 (NO) \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0940\u0927\u093e \u092e\u0949\u0921\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928\u0964<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u090f\u0902\u0921\u094b\u0925\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921: \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0926\u0942\u0917\u0930<\/h3>\n<p>\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u090f\u0902\u0921\u094b\u0925\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0939\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930 (vascular tone) \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930, \u0935\u0947 NO \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0921\u093f\u0932\u0947\u091f\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u091a\u093f\u0915\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092a\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u0932\u0947\u091f \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u091c\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f <em>Terminalia arjuna<\/em> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0915 NO \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e (bioavailability) \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092f \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>eNOS \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f:<\/strong> \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u094c\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u0938, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092b\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0935\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0907\u091f\u0930\u092a\u0947\u0928\u094b\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0938, \u090f\u0902\u0921\u094b\u0925\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0925\u0947\u091c\u093c (eNOS) \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (Sivananthan et al., 2015)\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>NO \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940:<\/strong> \u0917\u0948\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0938\u093f\u0921 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0932\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0938\u093f\u0921 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u094c\u0917\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0917\u0941\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u091c\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 (ROS) \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u092a\u0930\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e NO \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0921\u093f\u0932\u0947\u091f\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 (Gupta et al., 2001)\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>NO \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u093e \u092c\u094b\u091d \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u092e\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0928: \u092a\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/h3>\n<p>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0939\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u0947, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u093e \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0907\u0928\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0921\u093e\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092a\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0941\u091a\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0925\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0949\u091c\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0907\u0928\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924, \u091c\u094b \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f-\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0948\u0932\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e \u091a\u0948\u0928\u0932 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928:<\/strong> \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b\u092e\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0932\u0930 \u0915\u0948\u0932\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093e\u0932\u0924\u093e (arrhythmogenic) \u0915\u0948\u0932\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0913\u0935\u0930\u0932\u094b\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0941\u091a\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0948\u0932\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0940\u091c \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 (Karthikeyan et al., 2007)\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092e\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0921\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u092b\u093c\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928:<\/strong> \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0921\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u092b\u093c\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0941\u091a\u0928 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u090f\u091f\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092b \u0932\u091a\u0940\u0932\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092c\u0940\u091f\u093e-\u090f\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u0947\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e:<\/strong> \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u092c\u0940\u091f\u093e-\u090f\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u0947\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0948\u091f\u0947\u0915\u094b\u0932\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0941\u091a\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u092c\u0943\u0939\u0924\u094d \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0936\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0930\u093e \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0924\u093f\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0920 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e, \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0915\u093f\u090f \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u092c\u0939\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0947\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u0938\u0939\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0902: \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940-\u0907\u0902\u092b\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e\u0947\u091f\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u091c\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u0949\u0932\u0940\u092b\u0947\u0928\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0907\u091f\u0930\u092a\u0947\u0928\u094b\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0930\u092a\u0942\u0930 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940-\u0907\u0902\u092b\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e\u0947\u091f\u0930\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e:<\/strong> \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928\u091f\u093f\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0938\u093f\u0921 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u094c\u0917\u093f\u0915 ROS \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 (Sivananthan et al., 2015)\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091c\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0927:<\/strong> \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b-\u0907\u0902\u092b\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e\u0947\u091f\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094b\u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0938 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 TNF-\u0905\u0932\u094d\u092b\u093e \u0914\u0930 IL-6 \u0915\u094b \u0921\u093e\u0909\u0928-\u0930\u0947\u0917\u0941\u0932\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0939\u094c\u0932 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0925\u0947\u0930\u094b\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0930\u094b\u0938\u093f\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 (Gupta et al., 2001)\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u092f\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0902 NO \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f-\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"kr-protocol-box\">\n<h3>\u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0949\u0932<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930\u0940:<\/strong> \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u091b\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0909\u0921\u0930 \u0915\u0947 1-2 \u091a\u092e\u094d\u092e\u091a \u0915\u094b 2 \u0915\u092a \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0927\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0924\u0915 \u0909\u092c\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0922\u093c\u093e (\u0915\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0925) \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0916\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0915:<\/strong> \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0930 1\/2 \u0915\u092a \u0915\u093e\u0922\u093c\u093e \u092a\u093f\u090f\u0902, \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0903 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u091f\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f:<\/strong> \u0915\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e 3-6 \u092e\u0939\u0940\u0928\u0947 \u0924\u0915 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902, \u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0906\u092f\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0932\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0906\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930:<\/strong> \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0943\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u0938\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094b\u0921\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e, \u092b\u0932, \u0938\u092c\u094d\u091c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092c\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u093e\u091c \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0930\u092a\u0942\u0930 \u0906\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0924\u0940\u0916\u0947, \u0916\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u092e\u0915\u0940\u0928 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924, \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092f\u093e *\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093e\u092f\u093e\u092e* \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>\u0928\u094b\u091f: \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0940\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0930\u093f\u091c\u0940\u092e \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0916\u092d\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0947\u0936\u0947\u0935\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0932\u093e\u0939 \u0932\u0947\u0902, \u0916\u093e\u0938\u0915\u0930 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0906\u092a\u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0906\u092a \u0926\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0932\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"kr-calc-embed-callout\">\n<p>\u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0942\u0920\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902? \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0906\u092a\u0915\u093e \u0926\u094b\u0937 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0906\u092a\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<a href=\"\/calculators\/dosha-diagnostic\/\" class=\"kr-button\">\u0906\u092f\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u094b\u0937 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u0902<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"kr-brief-sources\">\n<h3>\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0930\u0923<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><em>\u091a\u0930\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0939\u093f\u0924\u093e<\/em>, \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928, \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f 27\u0964<\/li>\n<li><em>\u0938\u0941\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0939\u093f\u0924\u093e<\/em>, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f 46\u0964<\/li>\n<li>Gupta, R., et al. (2001). Effect of <em>Terminalia arjuna<\/em> on hemodynamic and oxidative stress parameters in patients with chronic stable angina. <em>The American Journal of Cardiology<\/em>, 87(7), 832-835.<\/li>\n<li>Karthikeyan, S., et al. (2007). Effect of <em>Terminalia arjuna<\/em> on left ventricular function and remodeling in patients with chronic heart failure. <em>The American Journal of Cardiology<\/em>, 100(10), 1572-1576.<\/li>\n<li>Sivananthan, K., et al. (2015). Phytochemicals of <em>Terminalia arjuna<\/em>: A review of their pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential. <em>Journal of Ethnopharmacology<\/em>, 164, 181-193.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>","_kr_takeaways_hi":"[\"\u090f\u0902\u0921\u094b\u0925\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0932 NO \u092e\u0947\u0902 15% \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f - \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0964\",\"\u092e\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 20% \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f - \u0907\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0915 \u0906\u0909\u091f\u092a\u0941\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0964\",\"30% \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e - \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u092e\u0940\u0964\"]","footnotes":"","_kriyasya_companion_story_id":0,"_kriyasya_story_eligible":true,"_kriyasya_story_exclusion_reason":"","_kriyasya_world_key":"research","_kriyasya_world_bridge_enabled":false,"_kriyasya_audio_in_world":false},"categories":[15,65,62,63],"tags":[],"kriyasya_format":[32],"kriyasya_editorial_origin":[35],"kriyasya_content_kind":[39],"kriyasya_devotional_focus":[],"kriyasya_tradition":[],"kriyasya_language":[],"kriyasya_observance":[],"kriyasya_healing_modality":[],"class_list":["post-9674","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ayurveda","category-research","category-science","category-wellness"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9674","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9674"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9674\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10138,"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9674\/revisions\/10138"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9674"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9674"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9674"},{"taxonomy":"kriyasya_format","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kriyasya_format?post=9674"},{"taxonomy":"kriyasya_editorial_origin","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kriyasya_editorial_origin?post=9674"},{"taxonomy":"kriyasya_content_kind","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kriyasya_content_kind?post=9674"},{"taxonomy":"kriyasya_devotional_focus","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kriyasya_devotional_focus?post=9674"},{"taxonomy":"kriyasya_tradition","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kriyasya_tradition?post=9674"},{"taxonomy":"kriyasya_language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kriyasya_language?post=9674"},{"taxonomy":"kriyasya_observance","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kriyasya_observance?post=9674"},{"taxonomy":"kriyasya_healing_modality","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kriyasya_healing_modality?post=9674"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}