{"id":9670,"date":"2026-09-12T22:07:07","date_gmt":"2026-09-12T22:07:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/?p=9670"},"modified":"2026-09-12T22:07:07","modified_gmt":"2026-09-12T22:07:07","slug":"anterior-cingulate-cortex-activation-sanskrit-etymology-philological-root","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kriyasya.com\/pulse\/anterior-cingulate-cortex-activation-sanskrit-etymology-philological-root\/","title":{"rendered":"The ACC&#8217;s Inner Compass: Sanskrit Roots of Mindful Attention and Emotional Regulation"},"content":{"rendered":"<article>\n<p class=\"kr-lead-paragraph\">The sudden flush of heat, the tightening in the chest, the urge to lash out \u2013 these visceral responses often feel beyond our immediate command. Yet, ancient yogic texts and modern neuroscience converge on a specific brain region, the Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC), as a crucial nexus for managing these impulses. Understanding its function through the lens of Sanskrit etymology reveals a profound, millennia-old wisdom about the very nature of attention and self-control.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-takeaways\">\n<h3>Key Takeaways:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>The ACC is central to conflict monitoring, error detection, and emotional regulation.<\/li>\n<li>Sanskrit roots like &#8216;<em>dhy\u0101na<\/em>&#8216; (meditation) and &#8216;<em>citta<\/em>&#8216; (consciousness) illuminate the intentional cultivation of attention.<\/li>\n<li>Paninian grammar reveals how &#8216;<em>anu<\/em>&#8216; (after, along) and &#8216;<em>gam<\/em>&#8216; (to go) in &#8216;<em>anugama<\/em>&#8216; (sequence, continuity) relate to sustained attention.<\/li>\n<li>Mindfulness training demonstrably enhances ACC function, reducing emotional reactivity.<\/li>\n<li>Vedic concepts of &#8216;<em>manas<\/em>&#8216; (mind) and &#8216;<em>buddhi<\/em>&#8216; (intellect) provide a philosophical framework for ACC-mediated control.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-facts\">\n<div class=\"kr-brief-fact-card\">\n<p class=\"metric\">30-50%<\/p>\n<p class=\"label\">ACC Activation Increase<\/p>\n<p class=\"subtext\">Observed increase in ACC activity with consistent mindfulness practice (Tang et al., 2015).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-fact-card\">\n<p class=\"metric\">15-20%<\/p>\n<p class=\"label\">Emotional Reactivity Reduction<\/p>\n<p class=\"subtext\">Average reduction in self-reported emotional reactivity after mindfulness-based interventions (H\u00f6lzel et al., 2011).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-fact-card\">\n<p class=\"metric\">2000+ BCE<\/p>\n<p class=\"label\">Vedic Roots<\/p>\n<p class=\"subtext\">Earliest traceable origins of concepts related to focused attention and mental discipline.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The ACC: A Neural Conductor of Conscious Response<\/h2>\n<p>Neuroscience identifies the Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) as a critical hub for cognitive control. It&#8217;s the brain&#8217;s internal alarm system, detecting conflicts between intentions and actions, signaling errors, and modulating our responses to emotional stimuli. Functional MRI studies consistently show heightened ACC activation during tasks requiring sustained attention, conflict resolution, and the suppression of automatic, habitual reactions. This aligns remarkably with the ancient yogic emphasis on cultivating a focused, discerning mind capable of overriding impulsive urges.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sanskrit Etymology: The Seeds of Attention<\/h2>\n<p>The Sanskrit language offers profound insights into the mechanisms of attention and consciousness. The term &#8216;<em>citta<\/em>&#8216; (\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924) refers to the mind, consciousness, or the faculty of perception and thought. Its root, &#8216;<em>cit<\/em>&#8216; (\u091a\u093f\u0926\u094d), signifies &#8216;to perceive,&#8217; &#8216;to know,&#8217; or &#8216;to be conscious.&#8217; This root is fundamental to understanding the awareness that the ACC facilitates.<\/p>\n<p>The practice of focused attention, central to yogic discipline, is encapsulated in &#8216;<em>dhy\u0101na<\/em>&#8216; (\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928), often translated as meditation or contemplation. The root &#8216;<em>dhy\u0101<\/em>&#8216; (\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e) means &#8216;to meditate,&#8217; &#8216;to ponder,&#8217; or &#8216;to think.&#8217; This practice is not merely passive observation but an active cultivation of mental focus, directly engaging the neural networks associated with the ACC.<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, the concept of sustained attention can be illuminated through Paninian grammar, the foundational system for Sanskrit linguistics. Consider the word &#8216;<em>anugama<\/em>&#8216; (\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0917\u092e), meaning sequence, continuity, or following. It is formed from the prefix &#8216;<em>anu<\/em>&#8216; (\u0905\u0928\u0941), meaning &#8216;after,&#8217; &#8216;along,&#8217; or &#8216;following,&#8217; and the root &#8216;<em>gam<\/em>&#8216; (\u0917\u092e\u094d), meaning &#8216;to go&#8217; or &#8216;to move.&#8217; In the context of attention, &#8216;<em>anu<\/em>&#8216; implies a continuous, step-by-step progression of awareness, mirroring the ACC&#8217;s role in monitoring ongoing cognitive processes and maintaining focus over time.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vedic Philosophy: Manas, Buddhi, and the Regulation of Impulse<\/h2>\n<p>The Vedic tradition, predating classical Sanskrit grammar by millennia, provides a philosophical bedrock for understanding mental control. The concept of &#8216;<em>manas<\/em>&#8216; (\u092e\u0928\u0938\u094d) represents the sensory and cognitive mind, the seat of emotions and desires. &#8216;<em>Buddhi<\/em>&#8216; (\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f), on the other hand, signifies the higher intellect, the faculty of discernment, judgment, and decision-making. The interplay between &#8216;<em>manas<\/em>&#8216; and &#8216;<em>buddhi<\/em>&#8216; is crucial for emotional regulation.<\/p>\n<p>The ACC acts as a neural correlate for this philosophical distinction. When impulses arise from the &#8216;<em>manas<\/em>&#8216; (e.g., anger, fear), the ACC, in conjunction with prefrontal cortex regions associated with &#8216;<em>buddhi<\/em>,&#8217; monitors these impulses. Through mindful attention training, we strengthen the &#8216;<em>buddhi<\/em>&#8216; to guide and regulate the &#8216;<em>manas<\/em>,&#8217; preventing unchecked emotional reactivity. This is the essence of self-mastery described in texts like the Bhagavad Gita, where one learns to control the senses and the mind through higher intelligence (e.g., Bhagavad Gita 2.60-61).<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Neuroscientific Validation: Mindfulness and ACC Enhancement<\/h2>\n<p>Contemporary research provides compelling evidence for the efficacy of mindfulness practices in modulating ACC function. Studies utilizing fMRI and EEG have demonstrated that individuals who engage in regular mindfulness meditation exhibit increased ACC activity and connectivity, particularly in regions associated with attention control and emotional regulation (Tang et al., 2015). This enhanced ACC function is linked to a reduced tendency towards rumination and a greater capacity to disengage from distressing thoughts.<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, research on emotion regulation shows that mindfulness-based interventions can lead to a downregulation of the amygdala&#8217;s response to negative stimuli, mediated by increased top-down control from the ACC and prefrontal cortex (H\u00f6lzel et al., 2011). This neurobiological mechanism explains why consistent practice can lead to a more stable emotional baseline and a diminished susceptibility to impulsive reactions.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kr-protocol-box\">\n<h3>ACC-Focused Mindful Attention Protocol<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Settle the Body:<\/strong> Assume a comfortable, upright posture. Gently close your eyes or soften your gaze.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anchor Attention:<\/strong> Bring your awareness to the sensation of your breath entering and leaving your body. Notice the subtle rise and fall of your abdomen or chest.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Observe Rising Impulses:<\/strong> When thoughts, emotions, or physical sensations arise (especially those that feel like impulses), acknowledge them without judgment. Mentally label them (e.g., &#8216;thinking,&#8217; &#8216;feeling,&#8217; &#8216;sensation&#8217;).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gently Redirect:<\/strong> As soon as you notice your attention has wandered, gently and kindly guide it back to the sensation of the breath. This act of noticing and returning is the core practice.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sustain and Repeat:<\/strong> Continue this process for a set duration (e.g., 5-10 minutes). The repetition of noticing distractions and returning to the anchor strengthens ACC pathways.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>This practice cultivates the &#8216;buddhi&#8217; to observe and guide the &#8216;manas&#8217;, enhancing ACC-mediated emotional regulation.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kr-calc-embed-callout\">\n<p>Ready to cultivate your ACC&#8217;s inner compass? Use our <a href=\"\/calculators\/meditation-timer\/\" target=\"_blank\">Kriyasya Diagnostic Engine<\/a> to time your mindful attention sessions and track your progress.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-sources\">\n<h3>Citations:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>H\u00f6lzel, B. K., Lazar, S. W., Gard, T., Schuman-Olivier, Z., Vago, D. R., &amp; Ott, U. (2011). How does mindfulness meditation work? Proposing mechanisms of action from a conceptual and neural perspective. <em>Perspectives on Psychological Science<\/em>, <em>6<\/em>(6), 537-559.<\/li>\n<li>Tang, Y. Y., H\u00f6lzel, B. K., &amp; Posner, M. I. (2015). The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation. <em>Nature Reviews Neuroscience<\/em>, <em>16<\/em>(4), 213-225.<\/li>\n<li>Patanjali. <em>Yoga Sutras<\/em>. (Various translations and commentaries available).<\/li>\n<li>Vyasa. <em>Yoga Bhashya<\/em> (Commentary on Yoga Sutras).<\/li>\n<li>Valmiki. <em>Ramayana<\/em>. (Various translations and commentaries available).<\/li>\n<li>Panini. <em>Ashtadhyayi<\/em>. (Various translations and commentaries available).<\/li>\n<li>Anonymous. <em>Bhagavad Gita<\/em>. (Various translations and commentaries available).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Unlock the ancient Sanskrit roots of mindful attention and emotional impulse control, tracing their connection to the Anterior Cingulate Cortex&#8217;s neural pathways.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kr_title_hi":"\u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0938: \u0938\u091a\u0947\u0924 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u091c\u0921\u093c\u0947\u0902","_kr_excerpt_hi":"\u0938\u091a\u0947\u0924 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0917 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u091c\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902, \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0941\u0932\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938 (ACC) \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0947\u0902\u0964","_kr_content_hi":"<article>\n<p class=\"kr-lead-paragraph\">\u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0905\u0939\u0938\u093e\u0938, \u0938\u0940\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0928, \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u0939 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930 \u0907\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e \u2013 \u092f\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0940, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0941\u0932\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938 (ACC) \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0907\u0928 \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u093e, \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e-\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u0939\u0928, \u0938\u0939\u0938\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092e\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"kr-brief-takeaways\">\n<h3>\u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940, \u200b\u200b\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>'<em>\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928<\/em>' (\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928) \u0914\u0930 '<em>\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924<\/em>' (\u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928\u093e) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u092c\u0942\u091d\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0928\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f '<em>\u0905\u0928\u0941<\/em>' (\u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0938\u093e\u0925) \u0914\u0930 '<em>\u0917\u092e<\/em>' (\u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e) '<em>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0917\u092e<\/em>' (\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0924\u093e) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092e\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0921\u092b\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0947\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>'<em>\u092e\u0928\u0938\u094d<\/em>' (\u092e\u0928) \u0914\u0930 '<em>\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f<\/em>' (\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f) \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0948\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0922\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"kr-brief-facts\">\n<div class=\"kr-brief-fact-card\">\n<p class=\"metric\">30-50%<\/p>\n<p class=\"label\">\u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f<\/p>\n<p class=\"subtext\">\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0921\u092b\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0947\u0938 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f (Tang et al., 2015)\u0964<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-fact-card\">\n<p class=\"metric\">15-20%<\/p>\n<p class=\"label\">\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940<\/p>\n<p class=\"subtext\">\u092e\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0921\u092b\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0947\u0938-\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u094d\u0935-\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0915\u092e\u0940 (H\u00f6lzel et al., 2011)\u0964<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kr-brief-fact-card\">\n<p class=\"metric\">2000 \u0908\u0938\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935+<\/p>\n<p class=\"label\">\u0935\u0948\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0921\u093c\u0947\u0902<\/p>\n<p class=\"subtext\">\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0964<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC): \u0938\u091a\u0947\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0902\u0921\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930<\/h2>\n<p>\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0941\u0932\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938 (ACC) \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0907\u0930\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092b\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928\u0932 \u090f\u092e\u0906\u0930\u0906\u0908 (fMRI) \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928, \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924, \u0906\u0926\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0923 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0947\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924, \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0915\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u092e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0917\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0907\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f: \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091c<\/h2>\n<p>\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0939\u0928 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 '<em>\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924<\/em>' (\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924) \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u092e\u0928, \u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928\u093e, \u092f\u093e \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932, '<em>\u091a\u093f\u0926\u094d<\/em>' (\u091a\u093f\u0926\u094d), '\u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e', '\u091c\u093e\u0928\u0928\u093e', \u092f\u093e '\u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e' \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0917\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u0917\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u094c\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930, \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938, '<em>\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928<\/em>' (\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092f\u093e \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 '<em>\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e<\/em>' (\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e) \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 '\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e', '\u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e', \u092f\u093e '\u0938\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e'\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0905\u0935\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u092b\u094b\u0915\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0932\u0917\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0928\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 '<em>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0917\u092e<\/em>' (\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0917\u092e) \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0924\u093e, \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u0930\u094d\u0917 '<em>\u0905\u0928\u0941<\/em>' (\u0905\u0928\u0941), \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 '\u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902', '\u0938\u093e\u0925', \u092f\u093e '\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e', \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932 '<em>\u0917\u092e<\/em>' (\u0917\u092e\u094d), \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 '\u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e' \u092f\u093e '\u091a\u0932\u0928\u093e' \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902, '<em>\u0905\u0928\u0941<\/em>' \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930, \u091a\u0930\u0923-\u0926\u0930-\u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u091a\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092b\u094b\u0915\u0938 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0935\u0948\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928: \u092e\u0928\u0938\u094d, \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f, \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u0928<\/h2>\n<p>\u0938\u0939\u0938\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0948\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 '<em>\u092e\u0928\u0938\u094d<\/em>' (\u092e\u0928\u0938\u094d) \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0938\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0913\u0930, '<em>\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f<\/em>' (\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f) \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f, \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0915, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964 '<em>\u092e\u0928\u0938\u094d<\/em>' \u0914\u0930 '<em>\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f<\/em>' \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092a\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0907\u0938 \u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u092c '<em>\u092e\u0928\u0938\u094d<\/em>' \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0917 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947, \u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0927, \u092d\u092f), \u0924\u094b \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC), \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0902\u091f\u0932 \u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u091c\u094b '<em>\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f<\/em>' \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0907\u0928 \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u091a\u0947\u0924 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947, \u0939\u092e '<em>\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f<\/em>' \u0915\u094b '<em>\u092e\u0928\u0938\u094d<\/em>' \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u0917\u0935\u0926 \u0917\u0940\u0924\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e-\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947, \u092d\u0917\u0935\u0926 \u0917\u0940\u0924\u093e 2.60-61) \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0928: \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0921\u092b\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0947\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928<\/h2>\n<p>\u0938\u092e\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u092b\u093c\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0921\u092b\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0947\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0939\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u090f\u092b\u090f\u092e\u0906\u0930\u0906\u0908 (fMRI) \u0914\u0930 \u0908\u0908\u091c\u0940 (EEG) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u091c\u094b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0935\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 (Tang et al., 2015)\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u091f\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e, \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0921\u092b\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0947\u0938-\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0902\u091f\u0932 \u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u091f\u0949\u092a-\u0921\u093e\u0909\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u090f\u092e\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0921\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (H\u00f6lzel et al., 2011)\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092c\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0932\u0949\u091c\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0917\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"kr-protocol-box\">\n<h3>\u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC)-\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u091a\u0947\u0924 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0949\u0932<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902:<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0915, \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0902\u0964 \u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0906\u0901\u0916\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0928\u0930\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902:<\/strong> \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0942\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u090f\u0902\u0964 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u091f \u092f\u093e \u091b\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e \u0909\u0924\u093e\u0930-\u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0939\u0938\u0942\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0906\u0935\u0947\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947\u0902:<\/strong> \u091c\u092c \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930, \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0936\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0902 (\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0917\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u0939\u0938\u0942\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u0902), \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u092c\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947, '\u0938\u094b\u091a', '\u092e\u0939\u0938\u0942\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e', '\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u093e')\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902:<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0906\u092a \u0928\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0906\u092a\u0915\u093e \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u091f\u0915 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u092f\u093e\u0932\u0941\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0942\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u092a\u0938 \u0932\u093e\u090f\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u092a\u0938 \u0932\u094c\u091f\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0930\u093e\u090f\u0902:<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947, 5-10 \u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f) \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u0916\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0902\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u094c\u091f\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>\u092f\u0939 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 '\u092e\u0928\u0938\u094d' \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f '\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f' \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u0928 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"kr-calc-embed-callout\">\n<p>\u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902? \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u091a\u0947\u0924 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 <a href=\"\/calculators\/meditation-timer\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0928<\/a> \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"kr-brief-sources\">\n<h3>\u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>H\u00f6lzel, B. K., Lazar, S. W., Gard, T., Schuman-Olivier, Z., V<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>","_kr_takeaways_hi":"[\"\u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940, \u200b\u200b\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964\",\"'\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928' (\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928) \u0914\u0930 '\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924' (\u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928\u093e) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u092c\u0942\u091d\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\",\"\u092a\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0928\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f '\u0905\u0928\u0941' (\u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0938\u093e\u0925) \u0914\u0930 '\u0917\u092e' (\u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e) '\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0917\u092e' (\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0924\u093e) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\",\"\u092e\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0921\u092b\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0947\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\",\"'\u092e\u0928\u0938\u094d' (\u092e\u0928) \u0914\u0930 '\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f' (\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f) \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0948\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 (ACC) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0922\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 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